Sanad-19 (2019-NCOV) ayaa sababay boqolaal milyan oo cudurro ah iyo malaayiin ka mid ah dhimashada tan iyo markii ay ka dillaacday dhammaadka 2019, taasoo ka dhigeysa xaalad degdeg ah oo caafimaad oo caalami ah. Ururka Caafimaadka Adduunka (WHO) wuxuu soo bandhigay shan "caqabad mutas ah"[1], kuwaas oo ah alfa, beta, gamma, delta iyo omiceron, iyo omicenon mustrant-ka omice-ka waa culayska ugu badan ee anigoo ah faafa ee adduunka. Ka dib markii aad ku dhacdo shidaal onicron ah, astaamaha waa kuwo dhexdhexaad ah, laakiin dadka khaaska ah sida dadka tallaalku ka mid yihiin, dadka da'da ah, cudurada daba-dheeraada, halista jirada, halista ka dib markii cudurku aad u sarreeyo. Heerka dhilnimada ee xargaha mutadanada ee omicron, xogta dhabta ah ee adduunka ayaa muujisay in celcelis ahaan heerka ugu dhiska ah ay tahay 0.75%, kaas oo ah heerka dhimashada, iyo heerka dhimashada ee dadka da'da ah, gaar ahaan kuwa ka badan 80 sano Old, dhaaftay 10%, oo ku dhawaad 100 jeer oo ah in hargabka caadiga ah[2]. Caymiyaasha caafimaad ee caanka ah ee cudurka waa qandho, qufac, cunaha qalalan, cunaha cunaha, Myaledia, iwm.
Waxaa jira afar nooc oo fayras hargab ah: a, b, c iyo D. Noocyada ugu weyn ee cudurka faafa waa nooc hoosaadyo ah (H1N1) iyo H3N2, iyo Cadaadis B (Victoria iyo Yamagata). Hargabka keena fayraska infalawansada ayaa sanad walba sanad walba faafa oo aan la saadaalin karin, oo leh heer aad u sarreysa. Marka loo eego tirakoobka, qiyaastii 3.4 milyan kiis ayaa lagu daaweeyaa hargabka iyo cudurada sida caadiga ah[3], iyo qiyaastii 88,100 xaaladood oo ah cudurrada neefsashada ee la xiriira ee ifilada waxay horseedaan dhimasho, oo ay ku xisaabtamaan 8.2% cudurada neefsashada[4]. Calaamadaha caafimaad waxaa ka mid ah qandho, madax xanuun, MYALLIA iyo qufac qalalan. Kooxaha khatarta sare leh, sida haweenka uurka leh, dhallaanka, waayeelka iyo bukaannada qaba cudurrada daba-dheeraada, waxay u nugul yihiin oof wareenka iyo dhibaatooyin kale, oo horseedi kara dhimasho xaaladaha daran.
1 qaniinyo-19 oo leh khataraha hargabka.
Idaacadda infakshan ee hargabka oo leh qafiifka-19 ayaa sii xumayn kara saameynta cudurka. Daraasad Ingiriis ah ayaa muujisay taas[5], marka la barbar dhigo infekshinka dovid-19 oo keliya, halista hawo-mareenka iyo halista dhirta cisbitaalka ee bukaannada qaaska ah-19-ka qaba infekshinka fayraska hargabka ee kordhay 4.14 jeer iyo 2.35 jeer.
TWLACJI CAAFIMAADKA KHATARTA HUAZHONG Jaamacadda Sayniska iyo tikniyoolajiyadda ayaa daabacay daraasad[6], kuwaas oo ka mid ah 95 daraasadood oo ku lug leh 62,107 bukaan oo ah boopid-19. Heerka uumiga ee ka-hortagga fayraska infalawansada wuxuu ahaa 2.45%, kaas oo infalawansadu ka mid tahay anigoo ah saami aad u sarreysa. Marka la barbar dhigo bukaannada oo ay ku dhacdo oo keliya Sanad-19, bukaanada qaba infalawansadu waxay leeyihiin halis aad u sareeya oo ah natiijooyinka ba'an, oo ay ku jiraan gelitaanka iCU, taageerada hawo-mareenka iyo dhimashada. In kasta oo baahsanaanta cudurka infekshanka uu hooseeyo, bukaanka qaba cudurka infekshanka ayaa waji ka qaba khatarta sare ee cawaaqib xumo.
Falanqaynta Meta-Falanqaynta ayaa muujineysa in[7], marka la barbar dhigo B-Stream, A-Stream waxay u badan tahay in lagu qaso qaniinyo qalad-19. Waxaa ka mid ah 143 bukaan oo la duleeyay oo ka mid ah 74% waxeey ku dhacay a-qulqulka, iyo 20% ayaa qaba cudurka b-qulqulka. Cudurka iskaashigu wuxuu u horseedi karaa cudur aad u daran oo bukaan ah, gaar ahaan kooxaha nugul sida carruurta.
Cilmi-baarista carruurta iyo dhallinta aan qaan gaarin ee da'doodu ka yar tahay 18 sano ee isbitaal la dhigay ama u dhintay hargab xilliga hargabka ee Mareykanka 2021-22 ayaa la helay[8]in ifafaale ay ka qaadday infekshanka infakshanka ee hargabka ee loogu talagalay qadka aadka u qabashada-19 ayaa u qalma dareenka. Kiisaska cisbitaalka ee la xiriira ee la xiriira cisbitaalka, 6% ayaa qaba cudurka Qalin-19 iyo hargabka, iyo saamiga dhimashada la xiriirta ee ifila-ka ah kor u kacay 16%. Helitaankaani wuxuu soo jeedinayaa in bukaannada ay qabaan qaniinyada Sanad-19 iyo hargabka ay u baahan yihiin taageero neef-qaadasho oo ka badan kuwa cudurka qaba, waxayna tilmaamayaan in cudurka la-gudan ay u horseedi karto halis aad u daran oo cudur ah .
2 Baadhitaanno kaladuwan oo hargabka ah ee hargabka iyo qafiifka-19.
Cudurrada cusub iyo infalawansada labadaba waa la is qaadsiin karaa, waxaana ku jira wax la mid ah astaamaha caafimaad qaarkood, sida qandho, qufac iyo MYALLGIA. Si kastaba ha noqotee, qorshayaasha daaweynta ee labadan fayras fayrasku way ka duwan yihiin, daroogada ka hortaga fayraskuna la isticmaalay way kala duwan yihiin. Inta lagu gudajiro daaweynta, daroogooyinka ayaa laga yaabaa inay beddelaan astaamaha caafimaad ee caadiga ah ee cudurka, taasoo ka dhigeysa inay adagtahay in lagu garto cudurka astaamaha oo keliya astaamaha. Sidaa darteed, ogaanshaha saxda ah ee dovid-19 iyo hargabku wuxuu u baahan yahay inuu ku tiirsanaado ogaanshaha kaladuwan ee kaladuwan si loo hubiyo in bukaanku heli karo daaweyn ku habboon oo wax ku ool ah.
Dhowr ka mid ah talooyinka talooyinka ee ku saabsan ogaanshaha iyo daweynta ayaa soo jeedinaysa in la aqoonsanayo in fayraska saxda ah ee qafiifka ah-19 iyo infalawansada iyada oo loo marayo qaabeynta qorshe-hawleed macquul ah.
"Hargabka Hantida-gacmeedka iyo Qorshaha Daaweynta (2020 Edition)"[9]iyo "Cilladaha hargabka ee qaangaarka ah iyo daaweynta daaweynta khabiirka ee caadiga ah (2022 Edition)"[10]Dhammaantood waxay cadeeyaan in hargabka uu la mid yahay cudurada ku jira Qalinka-19, iyo qafiifnimada-19 wuxuu leeyahay astaamo fudud oo caan ah sida qandhada qalalan iyo cunaha qalalan iyo cune xanuunka, oo aan ku fududaanin in lagu kala saaro hargabka; Yaraynta daran iyo kuwa xasaasi ah waxaa ka mid ah oof wareenka daran, oo ah cilladda neef-mareenka daran ee cudurka neef-mareenka iyo caqabadaha jirka ee daran, oo la mid ah kuwa hargabka degdegga ah ee daran ee hargabka daran iyo kuwa daran, oo u baahan in lagu kala sooco cilmiga cilmiga.
Baadhitaanka cudurka baarista conavirus ee 'coronavirus' iyo qorshaha daaweynta (daabacaaddii tobnaad ee hirgelinta maxkamadaynta "[11]Waxaa lagu xusay in cudurka dovid-19 in infekshanka loo yaqaan 'deciid-19' in lagu kala sooco infekshinka neefsashada ee sare ee ay sababaan fayrasyo kale.
3 Kala duwanaansho ku saabsan daaweynta hargabka iyo infakshanka dovid-19
2019-ncov iyo hargabku waa cudurro kaladuwan oo ay sababaan fayrasyo kaladuwan, hababka daaweyntana way kala duwan yihiin. Isticmaalka saxda ah ee dawooyinka lidka-fayraska ayaa horjoogsan kara dhibaatooyinka daran iyo halista dhimashada ee labada cudur.
Waxaa lagu talinayaa in la isticmaalo dawooyinka yar-yar ee molitalar sida nimatvir / ritonavir, azvudine, monola oo ka takhalusay dawooyinka antibodyzodyzozumab sida antisvirrual antibod-19[12].
Anti-influenza drugs mainly use neuraminidase inhibitors (oseltamivir, zanamivir), hemagglutinin inhibitors (Abidor) and RNA polymerase inhibitors (Mabaloxavir), which have good effects on the current popular influenza A and B viruses[13].
Xulashada regiviral-ku habboon ee fayraska ee ku habboon ayaa aad muhiim ugu ah daaweynta ee 2019-Ncov iyo hargabka. Sidaa darteed, waxaa muhiim ah in la garto cudurka loo yaqaan 'pather-ka' si cad u hagida daawada bukaan-socodka.
4 Covid-19 / Hargafta A / Iftiinka B / Ifilaley b Saddex geesood oo wadajira ah
Shaygaani wuxuu bixiyaa aqoonsi deg deg ah oo sax ah of 2019-ncov, hargabka hargabka A iyo hargab B, waxayna gacan ka geysaneysaa kala soocida 2019-NCOV iyo hargabka, laba cudur oo cudurka faafa oo leh astaamo caafimaad oo la mid ah laakiin xeelado daaweyn oo kala duwan. Adoo aqoonsanaya cudurka loo yaqaan 'pathogen', waxay hagi kartaa horumarinta caafimaad ee barnaamijyada daaweynta la beegsanayo oo hubi in bukaanku heli karo daaweyn ku habboon waqtiga.
Xalka guud:
Ururinta saamiga - soo saarida aashitada nucleic - ogaanshaha dib-u-soo-celinta silsiladaha polymerase
Aqoonsiga saxda ah
Xasaasiyad aad u xasaasi ah
Daboolitaan dhammaystiran ogaanshaha.
Xakamaynta tayada tayada la isku halleyn karo
Si ballaaran loo isticmaalay: la jaan qaadaya qalabka afarta-kanaalka ee guud ee PCREST ee suuqa.
Soosaarka otomatiga ah: oo leh macro & micro-tkoreNidaamka soo saarista otomaatiga ah ee Nucleic acid acid iyo dib-u-soo-celinta wax soo saarka, hufnaanta shaqada iyo joogtaynta natiijooyinka ayaa la hagaajiyaa.
Macluumaadka wax soo saarka
Tixraacyo
1. Orgorsation-ka adduunka. Raadinta SARS-Cov-2 kala duwanaansho [eb / ol]. (2022-12-01) [2023-01-08]. https: // www. WHO.int/activities/track-ssos-cov-palts.
2. Tarjumida awoodda _ liang wannian: Qiyaasta dhimashada ee omicron waa 7 ilaa 8 jeer oo hargabka _ Sinaza ne_ Sina attatchic_311600165fd70900198tml.html.
3. Feng Lz, Feng S, Chen t, et al. Cudurka hargabka-ka-xigta ee la xiriira hargabka 'Cilmiga' Cilmiga Cudurrada Cudurrada 'ee China, 2006-2015: Daraasad ku saleysan dadka [J]. Infonlaza Fayrasyada kale ee loo yaqaan 'Renza', 2020, 14 (2): 162-172.
4. Li L, Liu YN, WU P, et al. Hargabka-la xidhiidha geerida neef-mareenka xad-dhaafka ah ee Shiinaha, 2010-15: Daraasad ku saleysan dadka [J]. Lancet Caafimaadka Dadweynaha, 2019, 4 (9): E473-E481.
5. SWETS MC, Russell CD, Harrison Em, et al. SARS-COV-2 COV-2 Fayrasyada hargabka, fayraska neefsashada, ama adenovisists. Lancet. 2022; 399 (10334): 1463-1464.
6. Yan x, LEI low, Luuo J, wang S. WGIM S. Furnication iyo natiijooyinka laxiriira ee u dhexeeya SARS-Covel-ka iyo dib-u-eegista nidaamyada iyo falanqaynta metalayeynta. Int J Nkhtigaan ah. 2023; 136: 29-36.
7. Dao tl, hoang vt, million p, Mill m, Gatret P. Co-infakshanka SARS-Cov-Cov-2 iyo Fayras-ka: Dib-u-eegis nidaamsan iyo falanqeyn. J Xuubo Virol Plus. 2021 sep; 1 (3): 100036.
8. Adams k, Cabydd Cabs, Huang s, et al. Ka hortagga SARS-Cov-2 iyo infalawansada ku dhex jira carruurta iyo dhalinyarada ee carruurta da'doodu tahay 18 sano oo isbitaal la dhisay ayaa dhintey ama ku dhintey hargabka - Mareykanka, 2021-22. Mmwr morb merb merl wkly rep. 2022; 71 (50): 1589-1596.
9. Baadhitaanka hargabka iyo barnaamijka daaweynta (2020 daabacaad) [J]. Joornaalka Shiinaha ee Cudurrada Faafa ee cudurada faafa, 2020, 13 (6): 401-405,411.
10. Laanta Dhakhtarka Degdega ah ee Ururka Caafimaadka ee Shiinaha, waaxda daawada degdegga ah ee Ururka Caafimaadka Shiinaha, Ururka Caafimaadka ee Shiinaha, Ururka Caafimaadka ee Beedka ee Shiinaha, Xoreynta Xoreynta ee Gobolka Shiinaha. Khubarada xaaladaha degdegga ah ee ku xeel dheer hargabka qaangaarka qaangaarka ah iyo daaweynta (2022 Edition) [J]. Joornaxda Shiinaha ee Daryeelka Daryeelka Musiiradda, 2022, 42 (12): 1013-1026.
11. Xafiiska Guud ee Guddiga Caafimaadka ee Caafimaadka iyo Xaafadda Gobolka, Waaxda Guud ee Maamulka Gobolka ee Dawooyinka Shiinaha ee Dhaqanka Shiinaha. Ogeysiis ku saabsan daabacaadda iyo qeybinta baaritaanka caabuqa cudurka ee 'Coronavirus' Coronavirus buugga iyo qorshaha daaweynta (tijaabada) tijaabada tobnaad).
12. Zhang Fujie, Zhuo Wang, Wang Queenhong, et al. Khilaafaadka khabiirka ee ku saabsan daweynta ka hortaga fayraska ee loogu talagalay dadka cudurka sheekada ee coronavirus ee 'J]'. Joornaalka Shiinaha ee Cudurada Faafa ee cudurada faafa, 2023, 16 (1): 10-20.
13. Laanta Dhakhtarka Degdegga ah ee Ururka Caafimaadka Shiinaha, Laanta Daawada Degdegga ah ee Ururka Caafimaadka ee Shiinaha, Ururka Caafimaadka ee Shiinaha, Ururka Caafimaadka ee Beedka Beedka ee Xoreynta Shiinaha ee Xoreynta Xoreynta ee Shiinaha. Khubarada xaaladaha degdegga ah ee ku xeel dheer hargabka qaangaarka qaangaarka ah iyo daaweynta (2022 Edition) [J]. Joornaxda Shiinaha ee Daryeelka Daryeelka Musiiradda, 2022, 42 (12): 1013-1026.
Waqtiga Post: Mar-29-2024